![]() He showed that the stratigraphic columns of these places were very similar for the periods he proposed the continents were linked, supporting his idea of an older, large, linked landmass. Du Toit compared stratigraphic sections on the various landmasses that he thought were once connected to form the supercontinent of Gondwana (Africa, south America, Australia, india, Antarctica, Arabia). Holmes proposed that the upwelling convection cells were in the ocean basins, and that downwelling areas could be found under Andean-type volcano chains.Īlex du Toit was a south African geologist who worked on Gondwana stratigraphy and published a series of important papers between 19. Holmes wrote a textbook on this subject, which became widely used and respected. He proposed that a combination of volcanic heat loss and mantle convection can disperse the heat, and that the mantle convection drives continental drift. In 1929 British geologist Arthur Holmes proposed that the Earth produces heat by radioactive decay and that there are not enough volcanoes to remove all this heat. Geophysi-cists showed that this force was unrealistic, and since Wegener's idea of continental drift lacked a driving mechanism, it was largely disregarded. He looked for a driving mechanism to move continents through the mantle, and invoked an imaginary force (which he called Pohl uicht) that he proposed caused the plates to drift toward the equator because of the rotation of the Earth. Wegener was an early proponent of continental drift. Between 19, Alfred Wegener, a German meteorologist, published a series of papers and books outlining his ideas for the evolution of continents and oceans. The plate tectonic paradigm was developed from a number of different models, ideas and observations that were advanced over the prior century by a number of scientists on different continents.
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